نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دانشجوی دکتری گروه مهندسی مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد گروه مهندسی مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه به‌منظور بررسی عوامل تولید نیشکر (نهاده‌های: فیزیکی – مصرفی) و بهینه‌سازی انرژی مصرفی برای تولید نیشکر با استفاده از تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها در استان خوزستان واحد کشت و صنعت امیرکبیر انجام گرفت. اطلاعات لازم برای انجام این مطالعه، از طریق مصاحبه حضوری و تکمیل پرسش‌نامه از کارشناسان کشت و صنعت نیشکر امیرکبیر جمع‌آوری شدند. طبق نتایج حاصل، از کل انرژی مصرفی در تولید، انرژی قلمه و کود شیمیایی به ترتیب با 59 و 16 (درصد) بیشترین سهم را در بین نهاده‌های مصرفی داشت. علف کش 15/3 (درصد)، ماشین‌های کشاورزی 09/1 (درصد) و نیروی انسانی 06/0 (درصد) کمترین نهاده‌های انرژی‌بر در بین دیگر نهاده‌های تولید نیشکر بودند. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده از این تحقیق مشخص شد که دو نهاده قلمه نیشکر و کود شیمیایی بیشترین میزان مصرف را در بین تمام نهاده‏ها برای تولید دارند. همچنین نتایج حاصل از تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها نشان داد که کود نیتروژن و نیروی انسانی با 42 و 60/31 (درصد) بیشترین سهم را از انرژی دخیره شده داشتند. کمترین سهم از انرژی ذخیره شده در تولید به‌ ترتیب متعلق به سموم شیمیایی و کود فسفر بود. نتایج نشان داد که کاهش در مصرف کودهای شیمیایی و سوخت دیزل برای ذخیره‌سازی انرژی و کاهش مشکل خطر زیست‌محیطی در منطقه مهم است. ذخیره‌سازی در سوخت دیزل توسط بهبود عملکرد پمپ‌‌ آبیاری و استفاده از تراکتورهای جدید و آنالیز خاک برای بهبود مصرف کودهای شیمیایی امکان‌پذیر است.

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